Night complex

Like rosemary and sage, real lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) also belongs to the mint family (Lamiaceae). Lavender is a classic Mediterranean plant that occurs wild, particularly in the coastal region of the Mediterranean. In the summer months, the subshrubs shine in a delicate to strong purple. The popular plant is now cultivated primarily in France, England, Morocco and the USA. The valuable lavender oil is finally obtained through a distillation process.

Effect

The active ingredients contained in lavender oil include linalyacetate, linalool, camphor, flavonoids and triterpenes. Important components of lavender oil that have been well-studied in relation to human health are linalyl acetate and linalool, which have the common property of acting very quickly in the human organism. Linalyl acetate has positive effects on our psyche as it calms the central nervous system and thus has a balancing effect on inner restlessness, nervousness, difficulty falling asleep and stress. Lavender oil has also been proven to have pain-relieving properties, which is why it is also used as a remedy for headaches and migraines. Lavender oil was a must in our mouth spray.

Studies

Fismer, K. L. & Pilkington, K. (2012). Lavender and sleep: A systematic review of the evidence. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 4(4), e436–e447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2012.08.001

Motomura, N., Sakurai, A. & Yotsuya, Y. (2001). Reduction of Mental Stress with Lavender Odorant. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 93(3), 713–718.

Lillehei, AS, Halcón, LL, Savik, K. & Reis, R. (2015). Effect of Inhaled Lavender and Sleep Hygiene on Self-Reported Sleep Issues: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 21(7), 430-438.

The herbaceous Roman chamomile (Anthemis Nobilis) from the Asteraceae family is native to southern, central and western Europe as well as northwest Africa and has long been used as a medicinal plant. It grows to a maximum height of 35-40 centimeters and prefers full sun to partially shaded locations on sandy and well-drained soil. Their flowering period is from July to October. The oil obtained from the yellow-white flower heads is used in the cosmetics and food industries.

Effect

Roman chamomile flower oil has a complex composition, but is significantly influenced by the esters it contains. Hydroperoxides, sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids, for example, are other ingredients in the oil. It is best known for its calming, relaxing and anti-spasmodic effects, which is why it is also an essential ingredient in our mouth spray. It helps against stress, anxiety and depression as well as sleep disorders and inner restlessness.

Studies

Adib-Hajbaghery, M. & Mousavi, S.N. (2017). The effects of chamomile extract on sleep quality among elderly people: A clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 35, 109–114.

Ferreira, EB, Ciol, MA, Vasques, CI, Bontempo, PDSM, Vieira, NNP, Silva, LFOE, Avelino, SR, dos Santos, MA & dos Reis, PED (2016). Gel of chamomile vs. urea cream to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(8), 1926-1934.

Srivastava, JK, Pandey, M. & Gupta, S. (2009). Chamomile, a novel and selective COX-2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity. Life Sciences, 85(19–20), 663–669.

Bisabolol is found in chamomile essential oil, a plant that has been used as a medicine for thousands of years for its healing properties. Manzena chamomile is particularly suitable for bisabolol production - its essential oil contains 45 percent bisabolol. The chamomile species originally comes from Spain, but is now also grown in countries such as Germany, France and the USA. Bisabolol is a viscous liquid that is yellowish in color.

Effect

The calming and relaxing effect of bisabolol in our mouth spray counteracts sleep problems and restlessness.

Studies

Kadir, R. & Barry, B. W. (1991). α-Bisabolol, a possible safe penetration enhancer for dermal and transdermal therapeutics. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 70(1-2), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(91)90167-m

Rocha, NFM, Rios, ERV, Carvalho, AMR, Cerqueira, GS, Lopes, ADA, Leal, LKAM, Dias, ML, de Sousa, DP & de Sousa, FCF (2011). Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of (−)-α-bisabolol in rodents. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 384(6), 525–533.

Shanmuganathan, B., Suryanarayanan, V., Sathya, S., Narenkumar, M., Singh, SK, Ruckmani, K. & Pandima Devi, K. (2018). Anti-amyloidogenic and anti-apoptotic effect of α-bisabolol against Aβ induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 143, 1196–1207.

Rosemary extract is obtained from the leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis / Salvia rosmarinus), a typical Mediterranean herb originating in the Mediterranean region and considered a very old spice and medicinal plant. Since 2020, rosemary has been one of the sage species (Salvia), a genus of plants within the mint family (Lamiaceae). Rosemary is therefore related to lavender, sage and thyme, among others. When in bloom, the evergreen, needle-like rosemary bush produces blue, purple, pink or white flowers. Rosemary is mainly grown in France, Spain, North Africa and the USA.

Effect

In addition to rosemary essential oil, the leaves of the rosemary bush also contain caffeic acid derivatives, flavonoids and triterpenes. The extract from the leaves is used externally in skin care products as well as internally, e.g. B. used in dragees, tablets or our mouth spray. When used internally, the extract primarily has digestive-stimulating effects. In aromatherapy it is used to calm and combat stress and nervous tension.

Studies

Benincá, JP, Dalmarco, JB, Pizzolatti, MG & Fröde, TS (2011). Analysis of the anti-inflammatory properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in mice. Food Chemistry, 124(2), 468–475.

Borges, RS, Ortiz, BLS, Pereira, ACM, Keita, H. & Carvalho, JCT (2019). Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil: A review of its phytochemistry, anti-inflammatory activity, and mechanisms of action involved. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 229, 29–45.

Nazem, F., Farhangi, N. & Neshat-Gharamaleki, M. (2015). Beneficial Effects of Endurance Exercise with Rosmarinus officinalis Labiatae Leaves Extract on Blood Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Lipid Peroxidation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 39(3), 229-234.

Turmeric belongs to the ginger family. As with ginger, the rootstock of the plant is primarily used. The actual plants sprout from it. The herbaceous plant, which can grow up to one meter high, has many branches with yellow to orange, cylindrical, aromatic rhizomes (sprouts). Before the spice was used for food, it was known as a natural dye for skin and clothing and as a medicine.

Effect

With a proportion of 3%, curcumin is the main active ingredient in turmeric. In Ayurveda (Indian healing art) and Chinese medicine, turmeric and its healing effects have been used to care for the skin and heal wounds for thousands of years. Turmeric is also a natural anti-stress agent and supports our mouth spray in its calming effect.

Studies

Arulmozhi, DK, Sridhar, N., Veeranjaneyulu, A. & Arora, SK (2006). Preliminary Mechanistic Studies on the Smooth Muscle Relaxant Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Curcuma caesia. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy, 6(3-4), 117-124.

Davis, JM, Murphy, EA, Carmichael, MD, Zielinski, MR, Groschwitz, CM, Brown, AS, Gangemi, JD, Ghaffar, A. & Mayer, EP (2007). Curcumin effects on inflammation and performance recovery following eccentric exercise-induced muscle injury. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 292(6), R2168–R2173.

Suhett, LG, de Miranda Monteiro Santos, R, Silveira, BKS, Leal, ACG, de Brito, ADM, de Novaes, JF & Lucia, CMD (2020). Effects of curcumin supplementation on sport and physical exercise: a systematic review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 61(6), 946-958.

The purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), also known as the copper flower or red coneflower, belongs to the daisy family (Asteraceae). It has its origins in North America and can still be found wild there today. Cultivation for industry mainly takes place in Europe. Its name, which comes from Greek, means “hedgehog,” which is due to the spiky texture of the flower head. The plant, which is over a meter high, has an upright stem and egg- or heart-shaped leaves. The bright flowers are often yellow, orange or reddish. The rhizome of the purple coneflower with its numerous secondary roots is rich in valuable ingredients, which is why it was used as a medicinal herb by the natives of North America centuries ago.

Effect

The purple echinacea root has been classified as a traditional herbal medicine by the Herbal Medicinal Product Committee (HMPC) for internal use and is particularly rich in alkamides, caffeic acid derivatives, polyacetylenes and polysaccharides. The root is best known for naturally strengthening the body's defenses, which is why it is particularly suitable for cold symptoms. It has a positive effect on the immune system and stimulates the self-healing powers. Because of its immune-stimulating effect, we also use this power root in our mouth spray.

Studies

Mishima, S., Saito, K., Maruyama, H., Inoue, M., Yamashita, T., Ishida, T., & Gu, Y. (2004). Antioxidant and Immuno-Enhancing Effects of Echinacea purpurea. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 27(7), 1004-1009.

Palanisamy, T. (2017, April 21). International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences PHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF ECHINACEA PURPUREA.

Stanisavljević, I., Stojičević, S., Veličković, D., Veljković, V. & Lazić, M. (2009). Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea L.) Extracts Obtained by Classical and Ultrasound Extraction. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 17(3), 478-483.

Limonene is a typical component of citrus fruits and one of 26 regulated allergens in Europe. Many plants such as mint, juniper or rosemary also contain lime. The typical fruity, lemony smell and taste make the natural substance from the terpene group unmistakable.

Effect

The typical use of limonene is as a fragrance and as a solvent and cleaning agent. But as a natural substance, limoene also has an anti-anxiety and antibacterial effect, which is why it is also contained in our mouth spray. In addition, the use of limonene ensures the invigorating, fruity scent of our spray.

Studies

Hirota, R., Roger, NN, Nakamura, H., Song, HS, Sawamura, M. & Suganuma, N. (2010). Anti-inflammatory Effects of Limonene from Yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) Essential Oil on Eosinophils. Journal of Food Science, 75(3), H87-H92.

Michel, P., Dobrowolska, A., Kicel, A., Owczarek, A., Bazylko, A., Granica, S., Piwowarski, J. & Olszewska, M. (2014). Polyphenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Eastern Teaberry (Gaultheria procumbens L.) Leaf Extracts. Molecules, 19(12), 20498–20520.

Geraniol is known as a component of essential oils. The colorless to yellowish liquid has a pleasant smell. The active ingredient is widely used as a component of many plants and herbs, such as roses, coriander, lavender and thyme.

Effect

Because of its pleasant scent, geraniol is often used in the fragrance and cosmetics industry. But its caring effect has also been proven, so it not only has an anti-inflammatory effect but has even proven its effect against cancer cells in some initial studies. Skin diseases can also be alleviated by this substance. In conjunction with linalool, citrol and nerol, certain ion channels are blocked that block the spread of diseases such as psoriasis.

Studies

Cho, M., So, I., Chun, JN & Jeon, JH (2016). The antitumor effects of geraniol: Modulation of cancer hallmark pathways (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 48(5), 1772-1782.

Hadian, Z., Maleki, M., Feizollahi, E., Alibeyk, S. & Saryazdi, M. (2020). Health aspects of geraniol as a main bioactive compound of Rosa damascena Mill: a systematic review. Electronic physician, 12(3), 7724–7735.

Lira, MHPD, Andrade Júnior, FPD, Moraes, GFQ, Macena, GDS, Pereira, FDO & Lima, IO (2020). Antimicrobial activity of geraniol: an integrative review. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 32(3), 187-197.